精萘的保質(zhì)期并非固定不變的數(shù)值，而是受到儲(chǔ)存條件、包裝狀況等因素的綜合影響，其穩(wěn)定性與環(huán)境密切相關(guān)，了解這些影響因素有助于更好地把握精萘的有效使用期限。

　　The shelf life of refined naphthalene is not a fixed value, but is influenced by storage conditions, packaging conditions, and other factors. Its stability is closely related to the environment. Understanding these influencing factors can help better grasp the effective use period of refined naphthalene. 

　　精萘本身是一種易揮發(fā)的有機(jī)化合物，具有特殊氣味，在常溫下為白色晶體。其化學(xué)性質(zhì)相對(duì)穩(wěn)定，但長(zhǎng)期暴露在不適宜的環(huán)境中，可能會(huì)發(fā)生質(zhì)量變化。通常情況下，在嚴(yán)格遵循儲(chǔ)存規(guī)范的前提下，精萘的保質(zhì)期可維持在 12 至 24 個(gè)月左右，但若儲(chǔ)存條件不佳，保質(zhì)期會(huì)大幅縮短。

　　Naphthalene itself is a volatile organic compound with a special odor, appearing as white crystals at room temperature. Its chemical properties are relatively stable, but long-term exposure to unsuitable environments may result in quality changes. Normally, under strict adherence to storage regulations, the shelf life of refined naphthalene can be maintained at around 12 to 24 months, but if storage conditions are poor, the shelf life will be significantly shortened. 

　　儲(chǔ)存環(huán)境的溫度是影響保質(zhì)期的關(guān)鍵因素。精萘的熔點(diǎn)較低，當(dāng)環(huán)境溫度過(guò)高時(shí)，容易發(fā)生熔化、結(jié)塊現(xiàn)象，不僅影響其物理形態(tài)，還可能因揮發(fā)加快導(dǎo)致成分損失。因此，儲(chǔ)存時(shí)需將環(huán)境溫度控制在 30℃以下，避免陽(yáng)光直射和靠近熱源，如暖氣、爐灶等，最好選擇陰涼、通風(fēng)的倉(cāng)庫(kù)，通過(guò)溫控措施保持穩(wěn)定的低溫環(huán)境，以減緩其揮發(fā)和變質(zhì)速度。

　　The temperature of the storage environment is a key factor affecting the shelf life. The melting point of refined naphthalene is relatively low. When the ambient temperature is too high, it is prone to melting and clumping, which not only affects its physical form but may also cause component loss due to accelerated volatilization. Therefore, when storing, the ambient temperature should be controlled below 30 ℃, avoiding direct sunlight and proximity to heat sources such as heaters and stoves. It is best to choose a cool and ventilated warehouse, and maintain a stable low-temperature environment through temperature control measures to slow down its volatilization and deterioration rate. 

　　包裝的密封性對(duì)保質(zhì)期至關(guān)重要。精萘具有揮發(fā)性，若包裝破損或密封不嚴(yán)，其成分會(huì)逐漸揮發(fā)到空氣中，導(dǎo)致純度下降，同時(shí)可能吸收空氣中的水分和雜質(zhì)，影響其使用性能。常見的包裝形式為密封的鐵桶或塑料袋，儲(chǔ)存過(guò)程中需定期檢查包裝是否完好，有無(wú)破損、泄漏等情況，一旦發(fā)現(xiàn)包裝問(wèn)題，應(yīng)及時(shí)更換密封容器，防止進(jìn)一步變質(zhì)。

　　The sealing of packaging is crucial for its shelf life. Naphthalene is volatile. If the packaging is damaged or poorly sealed, its components will gradually evaporate into the air, resulting in a decrease in purity. At the same time, it may absorb moisture and impurities from the air, affecting its performance. The common packaging form is sealed iron drums or plastic bags. During storage, it is necessary to regularly check whether the packaging is intact, whether there is damage, leakage, etc. Once packaging problems are found, the sealed container should be replaced in a timely manner to prevent further deterioration. 

　　空氣濕度也是不可忽視的因素。精萘雖不易溶于水，但在高濕度環(huán)境中，容易吸收空氣中的水分，導(dǎo)致晶體表面潮解，出現(xiàn)結(jié)塊或純度降低的現(xiàn)象。因此，儲(chǔ)存環(huán)境的相對(duì)濕度應(yīng)控制在 50% 至 70% 之間，避免在潮濕的地下室或露天場(chǎng)地存放，可通過(guò)放置干燥劑等方式降低局部環(huán)境濕度，保持精萘的干燥狀態(tài)。

　　Air humidity is also an undeniable factor. Although refined naphthalene is not easily soluble in water, it is prone to absorbing moisture from the air in high humidity environments, leading to surface deliquescence of crystals, agglomeration, or decreased purity. Therefore, the relative humidity of the storage environment should be controlled between 50% and 70%, avoiding storage in damp basements or open spaces. Local environmental humidity can be reduced by placing desiccants or other methods to maintain the dry state of refined naphthalene. 

　　此外，與其他物質(zhì)的接觸也可能影響精萘的保質(zhì)期。精萘應(yīng)單獨(dú)存放，避免與強(qiáng)氧化劑、強(qiáng)酸、強(qiáng)堿等化學(xué)物質(zhì)混放，防止發(fā)生化學(xué)反應(yīng)導(dǎo)致變質(zhì)。同時(shí)，要遠(yuǎn)離食品、藥品等物品，避免其揮發(fā)物對(duì)這些物品造成污染。

　　In addition, contact with other substances may also affect the shelf life of refined naphthalene. Naphthalene should be stored separately to avoid mixing with strong oxidants, strong acids, strong bases, and other chemical substances to prevent chemical reactions from causing deterioration. At the same time, it is necessary to stay away from food, drugs, and other items to avoid contamination caused by their volatile substances. 

　　在實(shí)際使用中，判斷精萘是否超出保質(zhì)期，除了參考儲(chǔ)存時(shí)間，還需觀察其外觀和性狀。若發(fā)現(xiàn)精萘出現(xiàn)明顯變色（如變黃、變灰）、結(jié)塊嚴(yán)重、氣味異常等情況，即使未到預(yù)計(jì)保質(zhì)期，也應(yīng)視為已變質(zhì)，不可繼續(xù)使用，以免影響使用效果或產(chǎn)生安全隱患。

　　In practical use, to determine whether refined naphthalene has exceeded its shelf life, in addition to referring to the storage time, it is also necessary to observe its appearance and properties. If obvious discoloration (such as yellowing or graying), severe agglomeration, abnormal odor, etc. are found in the refined naphthalene, even if it has not reached the expected shelf life, it should be considered as spoiled and cannot be continued to be used to avoid affecting the effectiveness of use or causing safety hazards.

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