內(nèi)窺鏡是一種從人體天然開(kāi)口部位或切口部位插入，用以窺視人體內(nèi)部的儀器，在醫(yī)療領(lǐng)域應(yīng)用廣泛。

Endoscope is an instrument that is inserted from the natural opening or incision site of the human body to observe the interior of the body, and is widely used in the medical field.

臨床應(yīng)用

Clinical application

診斷方面：可用于胃腸道、腹腔、胸腔、關(guān)節(jié)腔等部位的檢查，幫助醫(yī)生觀(guān)察內(nèi)部器官的病變情況，如炎癥、潰瘍、腫瘤、息肉等，還可進(jìn)行活檢，獲取組織樣本進(jìn)行病理檢查，以明確病變的性質(zhì)。

In terms of diagnosis, it can be used for examination of the gastrointestinal tract, abdominal cavity, chest cavity, joint cavity and other parts, helping doctors observe the lesions of internal organs such as inflammation, ulcers, tumors, polyps, etc. It can also be used for biopsy to obtain tissue samples for pathological examination to clarify the nature of the lesions.

治療方面：可用于切除息肉、腫瘤等病變組織，還可進(jìn)行止血、縫合、支架置入等治療操作。

In terms of treatment, it can be used to remove pathological tissues such as polyps and tumors, and can also be used for hemostatic, suturing, stent placement and other therapeutic procedures.

結(jié)構(gòu)原理

Structural principle

電子內(nèi)窺鏡系統(tǒng)原理：借助內(nèi)窺鏡頂端的電荷耦合元件（CCD）將光信號(hào)轉(zhuǎn)換成電信號(hào)，經(jīng)視頻系統(tǒng)處理后轉(zhuǎn)換為監(jiān)視器上的圖像。

The principle of electronic endoscope system: By using the charge coupled device (CCD) at the top of the endoscope, the optical signal is converted into an electrical signal, which is processed by the video system and converted into an image on the monitor.

組成部分：包括照明裝置、光學(xué)系統(tǒng)和工作通道。照明裝置由外部冷光源完成，光線(xiàn)通過(guò)柔性光纖傳輸；光學(xué)系統(tǒng)用于傳輸影像，可通過(guò)普通透鏡系統(tǒng)、光纖或視頻技術(shù)實(shí)現(xiàn)；工作通道用于插入各種器械，如活檢鉗、治療器械等。

Components: including lighting fixtures, optical systems, and working channels. The lighting device is completed by an external cold light source, and the light is transmitted through flexible optical fibers; Optical systems are used for transmitting images and can be achieved through ordinary lens systems, optical fibers, or video technology; The working channel is used to insert various instruments, such as biopsy forceps, treatment equipment, etc.