Naphthalene is a simple polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon with molecular formula of C10H8. It is fused by two benzene rings sharing two adjacent carbon atoms. Colorless, toxic, easy to sublimate and have a special smell of flake crystals. It is produced in large quantities from coal tar and petroleum distillation, which are by-products of coking, and is mainly used for the synthesis of phthalic anhydride. In the past, sanitary balls were made of naphthalene, but due to the toxicity of naphthalene, naphthalene has been banned as a component. Exposed naphthalene and hemolytic anemia lead to liver and nervous system damage, cataract and retinal hemorrhage. Naphthalene is reasonably expected to be a human carcinogen and may be associated with an increased risk of laryngeal and colorectal cancer.

健康危害

Health hazards

侵入途徑:吸入、食入、經(jīng)皮吸收。

Invasion route: inhalation, ingestion and percutaneous absorption.

健康危害:具有刺激作用，高濃度致溶血性貧血及肝、腎損害。

Health hazard: it has stimulating effect, and high concentration will cause hemolytic anemia and liver and kidney damage.

急性中毒:吸入高濃度萘蒸氣或粉塵時，出現(xiàn)眼及呼吸道刺激、角膜混濁、惡心、嘔吐、食欲減退、腰痛、尿頻、尿中出現(xiàn)蛋白及紅.白細(xì)胞。亦可發(fā)生

Acute poisoning: eye and respiratory tract irritation, corneal opacity, nausea, vomiting, anorexia, low back pain, frequent urination, protein and red blood in urine when inhaling high concentration naphthalene vapor or dust White blood cells. Can also occur

視神經(jīng)炎和視網(wǎng)膜炎。重者可發(fā)生中毒性腦病和肝損害?？诜卸局饕鹑苎透?、腎損害，甚至發(fā)生急性腎功能衰竭和肝壞死。

Optic neuritis and retinitis. In severe cases, toxic encephalopathy and liver damage may occur. Oral poisoning mainly causes hemolysis, liver and kidney damage, and even acute renal failure and liver necrosis.

慢性中毒:反復(fù)接觸萘蒸氣，可引起乏力、惡心、嘔吐和血液系統(tǒng)損害?？梢鸢變?nèi)障、視神經(jīng)炎和視網(wǎng)膜病變。皮膚接觸可引起皮炎。

Chronic poisoning: repeated exposure to naphthalene vapor can cause fatigue, nausea, vomiting and blood system damage. It can cause cataract, optic neuritis and retinopathy. Skin contact can cause dermatitis.

應(yīng)急處理處置方法:

Emergency handling methods:

一、泄漏應(yīng)急處理

1、 Leakage emergency treatment

隔離泄漏污染區(qū)，限制出入。切斷火源。建議應(yīng)急處理人員戴自給式呼吸器，穿一般作業(yè)工作服。不要直接接觸泄漏物。小量泄漏:避免揚塵，使用無火花工

Isolate the leakage contaminated area and restrict access. Cut off the fire source. It is recommended that emergency treatment personnel wear self-contained breathing apparatus and general work clothes. Do not touch the leakage directly. Small leakage: avoid dust and use non sparking workers

具收集于干燥、潔凈、有蓋的容器中。運至空曠處引爆。或在保證沒有危險的情況下，就地焚燒。大量泄漏:用塑料布、帆布覆蓋，減少飛散。使用無火花工具收集回

The utensils are collected in dry, clean and covered containers. Transport to the open area and detonate. Or incinerate on site when there is no danger. Massive leakage: cover with plastic cloth and canvas to reduce flying. Collect the oil with a non sparking tool

收或運至廢物處理場所處置。

Received or transported to waste disposal site for disposal.

二、防護(hù)措施

2、 Protective measures

呼吸系統(tǒng)防護(hù):高濃度蒸氣接觸可應(yīng)該佩戴過濾式防毒面具(半面罩)﹔可能接觸其粉塵時，建議佩戴自吸過濾式防塵口罩。

Respiratory protection: filter gas mask (half mask) should be worn in case of high concentration vapor contact; when it may be exposed to its dust, it is recommended to wear self-priming filter dust mask.

眼晴防護(hù):戴化學(xué)防護(hù)眼鏡。

Eye protection: wear chemical protective glasses.

身體防護(hù):穿防毒物滲工作服。

Body protection: wear anti poison work clothes.

手防護(hù):戴防化學(xué)品手套。

Hand protection: wear chemical resistant gloves.

其它:工作現(xiàn)場禁止吸煙、進(jìn)食和飲水。工作畢，淋浴更衣。

Others: smoking, eating and drinking are prohibited at the work site. Shower and change clothes after work.

三、急救措施

3、 First aid measures

皮膚接觸:脫去被污染的衣著，用把皂水和清水完全沖洗皮膚。

Skin contact: take off the contaminated clothes and completely wash the skin with soap and water.

眼睛接觸:提起眼險，用流動清水或生理鹽水沖洗。就醫(yī)。

Eye contact: lift the eye danger and wash it with flowing water or normal saline. See a doctor.

吸入:迅速脫離現(xiàn)場至空氣新鮮處。保持呼吸道通暢。如呼吸困難，給輸氧。

Inhalation: quickly leave the site to a place with fresh air. Keep the respiratory tract unobstructed. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen.

如呼吸停止，立即進(jìn)行人工呼吸。就醫(yī)。

If breathing stops, perform artificial respiration immediately. See a doctor.

食入:飲足量溫水，催吐，就醫(yī)。

Ingestion: drink enough warm water, induce vomiting and seek medical attention.

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